What is a Mercenary

A mercenary is a professional soldier hired by a foreign army, as opposed to a soldier enlisted in the armed forces of the sovereign state of which he is a citizen. He takes part in armed conflict on many different scales, and is "motivated to take part in the hostilities essentially by the desire for private gain and, in fact, is promised, by or on behalf of a party to the conflict, material compensation substantially in excess of that promised or paid to combatants of similar ranks and functions in the armed forces of that Party"

NOTE: A non-conscript professional member of a regular army is not considered to be a mercenary, even though he gets remuneration for his service.

As a result of the assumption that a mercenary is essentially motivated by money, the term "mercenary" usually carries negative connotations, though that can be a compliment in some contexts. There is a blur in the distinction between a "mercenary" and a "foreign volunteer," when the primary motive of a soldier in a foreign army is uncertain. For instance, the French Foreign Legion and the Gurkhas are not mercenaries under the laws of war, since although they may meet many of the requirements of Article 47 of the 1949 Additional Protocol I, they are exempt under clause 47(c) (as they are not "promised ... material compensation substantially in excess of that promised or paid to combatants of similar ranks and functions in the armed forces of that Party to the conflict") and clause 47(d) (as they are "... a member of the armed forces of a Party to the conflict"); some journalists describe them as mercenaries regardless.